Abstract
Background: Higher-protein diets are associated with decreased adiposity and greater HDL cholesterol than lower protein diets. Whether these benefits can be attributed to a specific protein source (i.e., nondairy animal, dairy, or plant) is unknown, and concerns remain regarding the impact of higher-protein diets on kidney function.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of protein source on markers of cardiometabolic disease risk and kidney function in US adults.
Design: Total, nondairy animal, dairy, and plant protein intake were estimated with the use of 24-h recall data from NHANES 2007–2010 (n = 11,111; ≥19 y). Associations between source-specific protein intake and health outcomes were determined with the use of models that adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, age, physical activity, poverty-to-income ratio, individual intake (grams per kilogram) for each of the other 2 protein sources, body mass index (BMI) (except for weight-related variables), and macronutrient (carbohydrate, fiber, and total and saturated fat) intake.
Results: Mean ± SE total protein intake was 82.3 ± 0.8 g/d (animal: 37.4 ± 0.5 g/d; plant: 24.7 ± 0.3 g/d; and dairy: 13.4 ± 0.3 g/d). Both BMI and waist circumference were inversely associated [regression coefficient (95% CI)] with animal [−0.199 (−0.265, −0.134), P < 0.0001; −0.505 (−0.641, −0.370), P < 0.0001] and plant [−0.346 (−0.455, −0.237), P < 0.0001; −0.826 (−1.114, −0.538), P < 0.0001] protein intake. Blood urea nitrogen concentrations increased across deciles for animal [0.313 (0.248, 0.379), P < 0.0001; decile 1–10: 11.6 ± 0.2 to 14.9 ± 0.3 mg/dL] and dairy [0.195 (0.139, 0.251), P < 0.0001; decile 1–10: 12.7 ± 0.2 to 13.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL] but not plant protein intake. Glomerular filtration rate and blood creatinine were not associated with intake of any protein source.
Conclusions: Diets higher in plant and animal protein, independent of other dietary factors, are associated with cardiometabolic benefits, particularly improved central adiposity, with no apparent impairment of kidney function.
Graham
2 comments:
This is a wonderful blog and I am happy that your visit to my blog led me here.
About seven years ago we found out that my husband was diabetic. His grandfather had diabetes and lost both of his legs. His mother was also a diabetic and she passed-away from congestive heart failure.
My husband was taking 5 shots a day of insulin. We began our own program after speaking with a dietitian that included fruits, vegetables and watched portion sizes. My husband also began walking and lost over fifty pounds.
To make a long story short...he now takes 2 pills a day, no more shots and checks his blood-sugar level faithfully every morning.
His doctor even had a hard time believing the change in my husband's health.
Have a Nice Evening,
Jan
Interesting. I recently heard from 23andMe that people with my genetic results do not have to worry about saturated fat affecting their weight. Apparently they have discovered this from aggregated data.
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